Building a Stopwatch App in SwiftUI

In this tutorial, we’ll walk through the process of creating a stopwatch app using SwiftUI. We’ll start with a basic stopwatch and then enhance it with additional features like lap timing. This tutorial is perfect for beginners to intermediate Swift developers who want to improve their SwiftUI skills.

Part 1: Building the Basic Stopwatch

Let’s start by creating a simple stopwatch with start, stop, and reset functionality.

Step 1: Setting Up the Project

Create a new SwiftUI project in Xcode and replace the contents of your ContentView.swift file with the following:

import SwiftUI

struct ContentView: View {
    @State private var elapsedTime: TimeInterval = 0
    @State private var timer: Timer?
    @State private var isRunning = false

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text(timeString(from: elapsedTime))
                .font(.largeTitle)
                .padding()

            HStack {
                Button(isRunning ? "Stop" : "Start") {
                    if isRunning {
                        stopTimer()
                    } else {
                        startTimer()
                    }
                }
                .padding()

                Button("Reset") {
                    resetTimer()
                }
                .padding()
            }
        }
    }

    func startTimer() {
        timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 0.01, repeats: true) { _ in
            elapsedTime += 0.01
        }
        isRunning = true
    }

    func stopTimer() {
        timer?.invalidate()
        timer = nil
        isRunning = false
    }

    func resetTimer() {
        stopTimer()
        elapsedTime = 0
    }

    func timeString(from timeInterval: TimeInterval) -> String {
        let minutes = Int(timeInterval) / 60
        let seconds = Int(timeInterval) % 60
        let hundredths = Int((timeInterval.truncatingRemainder(dividingBy: 1)) * 100)
        return String(format: "%02d:%02d.%02d", minutes, seconds, hundredths)
    }
}

Step 2: Understanding the Code

Let’s break down the key components of our basic stopwatch:

1. State Variables:

• elapsedTime: Stores the current time of the stopwatch.

• timer: An optional Timer object to manage the stopwatch updates.

• isRunning: A boolean to track whether the stopwatch is running or not.

1. User Interface:

• We use a VStack to arrange our elements vertically.

• The Text view displays the current time.

• Two buttons allow the user to start/stop and reset the stopwatch.

1. Timer Functions:

• startTimer(): Creates a new Timer that updates elapsedTime every 0.01 seconds.

• stopTimer(): Invalidates the timer and sets isRunning to false.

• resetTimer(): Stops the timer and resets elapsedTime to zero.

1. Time Formatting:

• The timeString(from:) function converts the TimeInterval into a readable string format (MM:SS.hh).

Step 3: Testing the Basic Stopwatch

Run your app in the simulator or on a device. You should now have a functional stopwatch that you can start, stop, and reset.

Conclusion

You’ve built a fully functional stopwatch app using SwiftUI. This project demonstrates several key concepts:

1. State management in SwiftUI

2. Working with timers in Swift

3. Formatting time intervals

4. Dynamically updating UI based on app state